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Sensory nerves, referred to as afferent nerves, play a critical role in the nervous system by transmitting sensory information from the various sense organs, such as the eyes, ears, skin, and other sensory receptors, directly to the brain. This process allows the brain to process and interpret external stimuli, enabling a person to perceive their environment.

Afferent nerves are fundamental for sensory perception since they convey signals related to touch, pain, temperature, sight, sound, and balance. In contrast, efferent nerves, which are motor nerves, carry impulses away from the brain to initiate movement in muscles. Interneurons serve as connectors within the nervous system, facilitating communication between sensory and motor neurons, but they do not directly carry sensory information. Therefore, identifying sensory nerves specifically as afferent emphasizes their function in bringing sensory data to the brain for interpretation.