PSI Barbering Practice Exam

What effect do alkaline solutions generally have on hair?

1. They strengthen hair

2. They soften hair

3. They harden hair

4. They cleanse hair

The correct answer is: They soften hair

Alkaline solutions have a softening effect on hair due to their higher pH levels, typically above 7. The increased alkalinity breaks down the disulfide bonds in the hair's protein structure, making the hair strands more pliable and flexible. This property is often utilized in various hair treatments, such as perming or relaxing, where the hair's texture needs to be altered. The softening effect of alkaline solutions is significant because it allows for easier manipulation of the hair during styling or chemical treatments. It is important to use alkaline products in moderation, as excessive use can lead to over-processing, resulting in hair damage or weakening. In contrast, the other options, such as strengthening, hardening, or cleansing hair, do not accurately reflect the characteristics of alkaline solutions. Strengthening typically requires protein-based products, hardening would imply an increase in rigidity, and cleansing can refer to products specifically designed to remove dirt and oil without affecting the hair's structure in such a profound way as alkaline solutions do.