PSI Barbering Practice Exam

What is the process that destroys all microbial life, including spores, called?

1. Cleaning

2. Disinfection

3. Sterilization

4. Decontamination

The correct answer is: Sterilization

The process that destroys all microbial life, including bacterial spores, is known as sterilization. This method goes beyond disinfection, which only reduces the number of pathogens but does not eliminate all microorganisms. Sterilization is critical in settings where the highest level of cleanliness is required, such as in surgical procedures or the preparation of instruments that come into contact with sterile body areas. Sterilization can be achieved through various methods, including autoclaving (using steam under pressure), dry heat, radiation, or the use of chemical agents. Unlike other processes, such as cleaning, which physically removes dirt and debris, or decontamination, which typically reduces the number of harmful organisms without achieving complete sterilization, this method ensures that not even the most resistant spores are present, rendering surfaces and instruments safe for use in sensitive environments.